Philosophy

Philosophy is the study of general problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, truth, beauty, justice, validity, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing these questions (such as mysticism or mythology) by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on reasoned argument.^[3] The word philosophy is of Ancient Greek origin: φιλοσοφία (philosophía), meaning "love of wisdom."

• 1 Branches of philosophy
• 2 Western philosophy
• 2.1 History
  • 2.1.1 Ancient philosophy (c. VI B.C.–c. IV A.D.)
  • 2.1.2 Medieval philosophy (c. V A.D.–c. 1400)
  • 2.1.3 Renaissance (c. 1400–c. 1600)
  • 2.1.4 Early modern philosophy (c. 1600 – c. 1800)
  • 2.1.5 Nineteenth century philosophy
  • 2.1.6 Contemporary philosophy (c. 1900 – present)
• 2.2 Main Theories
• 2.2.1 Realism and nominalism
• 2.2.2 Rationalism and empiricism
• 2.2.3 Skepticism
• 2.2.4 Idealism
• 2.2.5 Pragmatism
• 2.2.6 Phenomenology
• 2.2.7 Existentialism
• 2.2.8 Structuralism and post-structuralism
• 2.2.9 The analytic tradition
• 2.2.10 Moral and political philosophy
• 2.2.10.1 Human nature and political legitimacy
• 2.2.10.2 Consequentialism, deontology, and the aretaic turn

 

• 2.3 Applied philosophy
• 3 Eastern philosophy
• 3.1 Babylonian philosophy
• 3.2 Chinese philosophy
• 3.3 Indian philosophy
• 3.4 Persian philosophy

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